Nuclear/Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) Attacks

A nuclear attack involves the detonation of a nuclear weapon that releases extreme heat, blast force, radiation, and long-term radioactive fallout. These attacks are rare but catastrophic. Even a small nuclear detonation can destroy infrastructure, kill or injure hundreds of thousands, and render areas uninhabitable for years.

An EMP (Electromagnetic Pulse) attack is a separate but related threat. It uses a high-altitude nuclear explosion or specialized device to disable electronic systems, possibly across entire regions. An EMP doesn’t produce blast damage but can cause massive communication, power, and transportation failure.

Nuclear Attack Impact Zones

  • Ground Zero (Total destruction)
    Danger level: Lethal
  • Moderate Blast Zone (Collapsed buildings, fires)
    Danger level: Severe injury
  • Fallout Zone (Radiation exposure risk)
    Danger level: Deadly if unprotected
  • Outer Perimeter (Flash blindness, shockwave)
    Danger level: Moderate

Preparedness Tips

Before a nuclear or EMP attack

  • Identify local fallout shelters or designated safe buildings (basement, center floors, underground parking garages)
  • Build a nuclear go-kit:
    • N95 masks, potassium iodide tablets
    • Flashlight, extra batteries
    • Non-perishable food and water (2 weeks minimum)
    • Battery or crank-powered radio
    • Heavy plastic sheeting, duct tape, wet wipes, and gloves
  • Store important documents in a fireproof/waterproof container
  • Protect small electronics in a Faraday bag or metal container (EMP defense)

During a Nuclear Explosion

If you see the flash:

  • Do not look at it—can cause permanent blindness
  • Drop to the ground, cover your head, and brace for shockwave
  • Take shelter immediately: underground or in the center of a building, away from windows

After initial blast:

  • Stay sheltered for at least 24–48 hours, preferably longer
  • Seal windows and doors; turn off ventilation systems
  • Use plastic sheeting and duct tape to block air leaks
  • Consume only sealed food and water
  • Monitor official instructions via radio—do not exit until instructed

Radiation and Fallout Tips

  • Fallout can arrive 10–30 minutes after blast
  • Radiation exposure drops significantly after 24 hours
  • Potassium iodide protects the thyroid gland—take only if advised
  • Remove and seal outer clothing to reduce exposure
  • Wash exposed skin and hair with soap and water (no conditioner)

EMP-Specific Notes

  • Expect instant failure of phones, vehicles, ATMs, power grids, and most electronics
  • Communications may be unavailable for days or weeks
  • Have printed maps, cash, and pre-set meeting points
  • Shortwave radios stored in Faraday cages may still function

Key Resources

Recommended Apps

(Pre-download and use before crisis—apps may not work post-EMP)